| Charcoal Period |
| ~1712 [Early 18th century] |
Using charcoal
Charcoal was used as a source of energy for reducing in iron making. |
| Coal Period |
| 1713~1866 [Mid-18th century to mid-19th century] |
Industrialization advanced due to the enhanced consumption of coal
Coal became a source of fuel and power via the coking of coal.
→Industrial Revolution (The invention of the steam engine, the production of high-quality iron and accelerated mechanization) |
| Carbon /Graphite Product Early Development Period |
1867~1895 [Late 19th century] |
Initial modality of currently used carbon products emerged
Steel-making electrodes, anodes for brine electric brushes, all of which are made of carbon. Invention of the gasoline engine: Shifting to an age when petroleum is mainly used. |
| Carbon /Graphite Product Industrialization Period |
| 1896~1942 [Mid 20th century] |
Industrialization of graghite products developed
1899:World’s first artificial graphite was produced.Graphitization was realized (invented by Acheson).Carbon and graphite-based products boosted in terms of quality and quantity through the stable provision of petroleum coke. |
| Carbon /Graphite Product Progress Period |
| 1946~Contemporary [Second half of the 20th century] |
Applications of specialty carbon/graphite products extended
High-strength, high-purity special carbon products were developed. New carbon materials emerged(e.g., filamentous carbon, glassy carbon, pyrolytic carbon). Conventional applications expanded in magnitude while new applications were generated along with the apparition of new key industries. In the 1970s, the use of special carbon products increased in the semiconductor field. |
| Future of Carbon/Graphite |
| [21st century] |
Extensive applications in the new enegy field
New developments as functional materials and components are expected in the future compared with such conventional applications as structural materials and parts. Usage in substitution for fossil fuel will increase in green energy applications. Usage has begun in applications where high-temperature processing is necessary in the environmental field. |
